New quality productive force is a complex system that includes three aspects: philosophical foundation, general nature and Chinese characteristics. New quality productive force founds its philosophical foundation in Marx’s theory of productive force. Marx used his historical philosophical perspective to critically examine 19th-century large-scale machine production of capitalism which he took as an empirical proto-type, revealed the intrinsic mechanism of productivity development and indicated that the future development of productive force will inevitably be dominated by the creation of science, technology and the spiritual culture and experience, all of which constitutes the junction of Marx’s theory of productive force and the new quality productive force. The general nature and composition of new quality productivity are determined by digital mode of labor which is characterized by: Firstly, it realized the organic integration of modern science and complex technological systems with modern production structures in terms of technical composition; Secondly, non-material labor with science and technology and new technology creation as main body entered the capital structure, and formed the new capital structure with the capital of material labor such as industry and agriculture in terms of capital composition; Thirdly, it constructed a thinking paradigm centered on communication and information control research by integrating System Philosophy with System Technology in terms of thought composition. The above three characteristics highlight the dominant position of science and technology, creative thinking and cultural spirit in productive force and constitute the general provisions for new quality productive force. The Chinese characteristics of the new quality productive force are linked to Chinese path to modernization, with socialism with Chinese characteristics as its ideological foundation and the development model of new quality productive forces created since China’s reform and opening up as its practical foundation. The development of Zhongguancun Electronic Street epitomizes China’s history of developing new quality productive force in the past forty years. 

　　Editor: Zhong Yao  Liu Tingting 

　　From: Wuhan University Journal(Philosophy & Social Science).2024.No.5.