New quality productive forces are the new requirements put forward by General Secretary Xi jinping on the development quality of productive forces in China based on the new stage of development, which is the latest advancements of Xi Jinping’s economic thought and the latest practice of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context. Although new quality productive forces are a concept in the Chinese context, the development of advanced productive forces is a common aspiration of all countries in the world. Therefore, this paper selects the top four countries in the global GDP, namely, the United States, China, Germany and Japan, as the research objects, and based on the economic connotation of new quality productive forces, it finds out the choke points of the formation of China’s new quality productive forces by comparing the gap between China and three developed countries in total factor productivity and global innovation index. On this basis, this paper puts forward the practical paths to accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces in China from three aspects: doing a good job in “science and technology finance,” promoting the cluster development of “specialized, refined, differential. and innovative SMEs,” and deepening the integration of “government, industry, academia, research and application” cooperation. 

　　Editor: Zhong Yao  Liu Tingting 

　　From: Intertrade.2024.No.8.