Lenin’s What’s “People’s Friends” and How Do They Attack Social Democrats criticized the misunderstanding and distortion on Marxism by Liberal Populists and their wrong views on the future of Russia’s development, revealed the essence of this thought. The most important theme of this book was to give the solution to the Russian revolution firstly through the political economic analysis under the guidance of Marxism. While the former two books only discussed the development of the Russian capitalist economy on the level of “objective tendency”, Lenin’s this book discussed the dialectical views which should be taken by the Russian Marxists and the basic orientation of the revolutionary practice on the level of “subjective stand”. This book not only laid the foundation in Lenin’s thought, developed the Marxist revolution theories, but also directed the revolutions in other underdeveloped countries, and contained important methodology enlightenments. It enlightens us that when we insist Marxism, we should abandon any dogmatism and metaphysics, study fully the reality of our own country, explore boldly the unique path of our own country, treat dialectically and control effectively the capitals, take the Chinese path to modernization which not only absorbs the common civilization achievements of modern societies but also transcend the disadvantages of western style of modernization.

　　Editor: Zhong Yao  LiuTingting

　　From: Studies on Marxist Theory.2024.No.4.