In response to the problem of “temporal dislocation” between Germany’s backward political reality and developed spiritual culture, Marx proposed a dual critique of “replica critique” and “original critique” in the Introduction to “Critique of Hegelian Philosophy of Law”. Based on the particularity of German social development and the modernity of Hegelian legal philosophy, Marx emphasized the priority of “duplicate criticism” over “original criticism” in textual form. However, in terms of the development, evolution, and substantive content of Marxist academic thought, the “replica criticism” and “original criticism” exhibit an inherent trend of mutual integration rather than separation. The two flexibly transform and have their own focuses at different stages of the development of Marxist thought. Marx’s “copy criticism” of German speculative philosophy is rooted in the “original criticism” of German social reality, which profoundly reveals the essential relationship between German philosophical revolution and social revolution, transcends the theoretical limitations of Hegel’s philosophy of law in pursuing modern national unity from the spiritual perspective, and also provides a feasible path for Germany to achieve complete revolution and human liberation, and also contributes methodological guidance to criticizing modern capitalist society and promoting Chinese path to modernization.

　　Editor: Zhong Yao  Wei Xiaoxue

　　From:Study & Exploration.2025.No.4.