Since Xi Jinping put forward such major propositions as “creating a new form of human civilization” and “the outstanding characters of Chinese civilization”, the theoretical community in China has sought to clarify the relative difference between culture and civilization from an academic perspective. Up to now, the relative difference between culture and civilization remains a complex and perplexing mystery. Philosophy is the living soul and guardian of civilization. First of all, it is indispensable to understand the essential connotation of civilization and its distinction from culture from a philosophical perspective and approach , and establish a scientific view of civilization. The relative difference between culture and civilization is manifested in orientation, form, emphasis, nature, function, correlation, and philosophical foundation. The aim of clarifying the relative difference between the two is to dispel the “paradoxical strategy” employed by some contemporary Western scholars who equate culture with civilization， thereby obscuring their barbarism, and clarify the internal logic of this “paradoxical strategy”.

　　Editor: Zhong Yao  Deng Panyi

　　From: Studies on Marxism. 2025.No.2.