In the process of modernization, late-developing countries are faced with multiple risks and challenges, for which political parties in various countries have adopted different attitudes and measures. Starting from the perspective of comparative modernization and comparative political parties, this paper categorizes the practices of political parties in these late-developing countries in dealing with the risks and challenges of modernization into three types: “proactive-preventive”，“stimulus-responsive” and “passive- failed”. The paper finds that political parties in late-developing countries should enhance their capabilities in terms of maintaining a sense of mission and value guidance in the pursuit of modernization, strengthening organizational renewal and anti-corruption governance, improving the level of accurate judgment and effective risk mitigation, and breaking the blind worship of the Western model of modernization, so as to play a more proactive role in leading the modernization process. 

　　Editor: Zhong Yao  Deng Panyi 

　　From: Teaching and Research.2024.No.9.