Abstract: Socialism is a kind of social movement and socialist thought is the theoretical appearance of this movement. The essence of socialism is the basic contradiction or problem of socialist movement, i.e. what is socialism and what is socialism doing. The struggle of the proletariat opposing the bourgeoisie exploiting wage labor, i.e. the contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, is the reason of the rise and existence of socialist movement. Where there is contradiction, there is struggle. Socialist movement arises and develops around this contradiction and struggle. To resolve this contradiction is the most basic historical task of socialist movement, and also the essential difference to other social movements.

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Editor: Zhang jian