“ Communist Manifesto” described the features of socialist essence and basic principles，which were put into practice in socialist countries after the October Revolution．The Four Cardinal Principles raised by Deng Xiaoping are the best conclusion of these features and basic principles．We should hold them from the perspective of social development without arbitrary increase or reduction． The realization of the features of socialist essence and basic principles，which needs to be based on the national condition, can be explored in the practice，and distinguishing these features and principles from their realization ways can solve some disputes about Socialism．

Editor: Zhou Miao