The Fifth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed that “inheriting the core position of innovation in the overall situation of the country’s modernization drive”, and one of the keys lies in “improving the new national system under the conditions of the socialist market economy”. The transition from ”national system” to “new national system” has profound historical logic, theoretical logic and practical logic. Whether it is from the perspective of “policy evolution”, “state construction” or “realistic crisis”, it clearly shows the evolution from ”national system” to “new national system”. On this basis, we should not only pay attention to “national system” in line with the Chinese tradition of “family and country”, the advantages of the socialist system of “concentrating power to do big things”, and the moral obligation of “national catching-up and surpassing”, which are inherently reasonable. It should also be clear that the traditional national system needs to be “upgraded” due to the uncertainty and incompleteness of information in the process of selecting scientific and technological innovation targets. Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, “new national system” should focus on key core technologies such as artificial intelligence to give full play to its overall synergy, key concentration and effective mobilization advantages. Its essence lies in the organic integration of the government and the market, especially “play better role of the government” in the field of scientific and technological innovation.

Editor: Zhong Yao、Zheng Yifan

From:Socialism Studies.2021.No.5.