The Chinese path to modernization is a latest major achievement of scientific socialism. Marx’s theory of “leaping over the Caudine Forks” provides a fundamental theoretical reference for a profound understanding of this significant achievement. From the perspective of the choice of the path to modernization, the Chinese path to modernization is a new socialist road to modernization successfully opened by an economically and culturally developing country in its process of “leaping over the Caudine forks” which has solved a major problem in the history of scientific socialism.The Chinese path to modernization abides by the basic principle of scientific socialism,neither following the old path of a rigid dosed-door policy nor an erroneous path by abandoning socialism.The new form of human civilization it has created is a mode of socialist civilization in the 21st century The Chinese path to modernization in the history of scientific socialism and the new form of human civilization in the history of socialist civilization are both of milestone significance. 

　　Editor: Zhong Yao  Deng Panyi 

　　From: Social Sciences in China. 2025. No.7.