The interpreting of Marx’s Theses on Feuerbach as a “practical ontology” shows that this work is still largely a “familiar stranger”. The discrimination of major theoretical issues, such as Althusser on the “epistemological break” of Marx’s ideological transformation in the spring of 1845, Lenin’s assertion that Marx had already completed the “two transformations” from idealism to materialism and from revolutionary democracy to communism during the period of German-French Annals, what kind of dynamism Feuerbach did not understand and why Marx formulated the new materialism against him, and the correct positioning of the scientific concept of practice in Marx’s philosophical system, are the key to the correct interpretation of this “first document containing the seeds of a new worldview”. It is also the key to grasping the essence and significance of Marx’s philosophical transformation. The study of classic Marxist works must adhere to the principle of being faithful to the original text, and not take the words too literally, but grasp its spiritual essence.

Editor: Zhong Yao、Zheng Yifan

From:Studies on Marxism.2022.No.8.